Kwantena ko shiryawa, da ayyukan adon kaya. Marufi ci gaba ne na tsarin samar da kayayyaki a cikin zirga-zirgar zirga-zirga, kuma yanayi ne wanda ba makawa ga kayayyakin yau da kullun don shigowa wurare da wuraren amfani. Matsayin marufi yana da fannoni masu zuwa: ①Gano ƙimar kaya da ƙimar amfani, kuma hanya ce ta haɓaka ƙimar kayayyaki; ②Kiyaye kayan daga abubuwa na yau da kullun kamar rana, iska, ruwan sama, da gurbatar kasa. Kare asarar kamar lalatawa, zubewa, narkewa, gurɓatawa, haɗuwa, matsewa, asara, da sata; ③ Ku kawo sauki ga adanawa, safara, daidaitawa da tallace-tallace a wurare dabam dabam, kamar ɗorawa da sauke abubuwa, lissafi, palletizing, jigilar kaya, da karɓa, Transshipment, ƙididdigar tallace-tallace, da sauransu; Kawata kayayyaki, jawo hankalin kwastomomi, da tallata tallace-tallace.
Marufi yana nufin jerin ayyuka don tsarawa da samar da kwantena ko masu nadewa. Kunshi, a matsayin masana'antar ba da tallafi ga tattalin arzikin kasa, ya ci gaba da bunkasa da bunkasa tare da gina gurguzu na kasar Sin. Musamman tun lokacin da aka yi gyare-gyare da buɗewa, a ƙarƙashin tsarin tattalin arzikin kasuwar gurguzu, masana'antar kwalliya ta ci gaba cikin sauri. , Bugawa, injina sune manyan abubuwanda aka gina, tare da wasu kayan fasaha da kayan aiki na zamani, da kuma tsarin masana’antu na zamani mai dauke da cikakkun nau’uka. Masana'antar kwalliya ta kasar Sin ta shafe sama da shekaru 20, tana kammala ci gaban kasashen da suka ci gaba a cikin shekaru 40 da suka gabata, kuma a zahiri tana sauya yanayin "kayayyakin farko, da na biyu, da na na uku". Masana'antar marufi ta samo asali daga warwatse da kuma koma bayan masana'antu zuwa cikakkiyar tsarin masana'antu tare da wasu kayan aikin fasaha na zamani da ƙananan rabe rabuwa. Fitattun halaye na ci gaban masana'antun kwalliya na yau sune kasuwancin duniya na kasuwar marufi, dunkulewar duniya na cigaban masana'antun marufi, da karuwar alaka da dogaro da ci gaban masana'antar marufi a kasashe daban-daban.
Tafiya cikin babbar kasuwar, kusan kowa ya fahimci menene kwalin. Koyaya, da zarar aka tsunduma cikin ƙirar kayan marufi, babu makawa cewa samfuran kayan masarufi, nau'ikan kayan marufi daban-daban, da saurin "shawara" ba za su iya sarrafa babban layi ba. Kodayake ƙasashe daban-daban sun tanadi takaitattun bayanai game da ma'anar marufi, kamar su Amurka: marufi aiki ne na shirye-shiryen jigilar kayayyaki da sayarwa. Ga :asar Ingila: Marufi shiri ne na fasaha, kimiyya da fasaha don jigilar kayayyaki da sayarwa. Kanada ta yi imanin cewa marufi kayan aiki ne don isar da kayayyaki daga masu kawowa ga abokan ciniki ko masu amfani yayin kiyaye samfuran cikin yanayi mai kyau. kasata ta daɗe tana ayyana marufi azaman babban ajali na samfuran da ke kare samfuran yayin yaduwa, saukaka adana kaya da jigilar kayayyaki, da haɓaka tallace-tallace.
Post lokaci: Jan-06-2021